Seismic methods
The seismic methods are based on the measurement of the velocity of propagation of seismic waves artificially generated in rocks, soils or structures.
The elastic waves are created by means of energy sources like sledge hammers or controlled explosions; the controlled energy causes a deformation of the ground or the structure under investigation which is related to their elastic properties . The velocity of propagation of seismic waves (variable for different materials crossed) is detected on the surface by means of sensors (geophones) placed according to linear or 3D array on the ground or in equipped boreholes.
Seismic surveys are used in geology and geotechnical engineering for:
- Define the depth and geometry of the bedrock.
- Analysis of landslide areas.
- Define the seismic classification of the soils (Vs30, seismic microzonation).
- Evaluate the characteristics of deformation of the subsoil (density, deformability, etc.).
- Assess the degree of deteriorated concrete structures.
- Evaluate the rippability of the bedrock.